Pricing and Distribution in Marketing Decisions Research Paper

Evaluating and Distribution in Marketing Decisions - Research Paper Example Concerning Blue Mountain Coffee Company and Starbucks Coffee, valuing and circulation techniques will assist them with obtaining these helpful utilities for their proficient working. This paper targets differentiating the estimating and circulation systems of these two items. Despite the fact that the two organizations produce similar items, they are not contenders since they serve various markets. Estimating Strategies The most exceedingly awful error that can without much of a stretch breakdown an organization lies in dynamic that worries valuing techniques. Wrong valuing choices are very nearly an assurance on harming the organization just as dissolving administrations tot the network and clients (Florissen, et. al, 2001). By and large, manager’s slice off costs in order to fight off new market adversaries and afterward, they dispatch value wars that are undeniable wanting to contend aggressors and consequently rising triumphant. At any rate, this is simply trust since the truth is ordinarily altogether different. For instance, Blue Mountain Coffee Company that basically has some expertise in sending out its items puts together its choices with respect to evaluating concerning worldwide market costs. In estimating, organizations should consider the competitor’s costs, cost to serve, exchanging rates, and client esteem so as to guarantee benefit. By assessing these four factors, the two organizations can settle on progressively sensible choices on their evaluating choices in expanded rivalry faces. Rather than indiscriminately undermining aggressors, the organizations can securely charge business records and private clients a top notch that will make sure about their business, get rid of expensive value wars, just as safeguard the market. To go up against its adversaries, the organization has built up more significant expenses for its items since they are high in quality and consequently, they have won customer devotion and caught a wide market in Japan. Then again, Starbucks Coffee, that principally focuses on the nearby market, sets costs that will assist it with securing a bigger piece of the pie in the neighborhood advertise than its rivals. Value decrease for its items is anyway beneficial just in the short run yet over the long haul, they lead to overwhelming misfortunes. Great evaluating system ought to guarantee that the organization gets enough benefits and is likewise ready to meet its expenses. In this way, however value decrease is significant in attempting to catch the market or contend out adversaries, such choices ought to be painstakingly looked for. As Bertini and Luc clarifies, lessening costs beneath the expense of creation is extremely unsafe to the organization as it can without much of a stretch breakdown the whole business. Cutting costs implies that an organization should work more diligently for less in light of the fact that you need to sell more units of the item for a similar income. Notwithstan ding, cutting costs possibly expands benefits when you produce more units and increment deals (Bertini and Luc). Item Distribution Starbucks disseminates its items to neighborhood purchasers while Blue Mountain Coffee Company appropriates its items to a global market in Japan. Mysterious clarifies various methods of item conveyance. For Starbucks Coffee, which disseminates its items locally, the espresso can be offered to huge scope wholesalers, who at that point offer it to Retailers. The retailers sell it legitimately to customers or to little scope retailers who at that point offer it to purchasers (Anonymous). In any case, the circulation mode for Blue Mountain Cof

Theoretical perspective Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Hypothetical viewpoint - Assignment Example haustive evaluation, a medical attendant will comprehend the one of a kind highlights and prerequisite of each family in this way building up a similarly novel consideration plan, one that suits the family. Besides, the evaluation rules as engendered by the hypothesis explores and surveys each conceivable element of a family in this manner improving the way toward acquiring comprehensive data that helps in diagnosing the mental and physical prosperity of each person in a family. The above hypothesis is the best in surveying families. It gives a basic appraisal component since it explores essential segment highlights. Moreover, the hypothetical viewpoint is thorough since it endeavors to survey each conceivable element that would help depict the uniqueness in both the physical and the mental prosperity of a person. Along these lines, a parental figure will comprehend the idea of the nuclear family and the components influencing the strength of each individual from the family. Social consideration esteems depend on the uniqueness of the family relationship, strict convictions, language, perspective, governmental issues, economy and innovation among other fundamental components (Leininger and National League for Nursing, 2001). The hypothetical point of view researches the impacts of such factors in this manner building up an all encompassing finding to each person in the nuclear family. Such is a comprehensive rules regularly not accomplished in other hypothet ical

The Little Black Dress free essay sample

For all intents and purposes each American lady possesses a Little Black Dress. As a young lady, I would sneak into my mother’s wardrobe to take a stab at her Little Black Dresses, which were not all that little on my four-foot outline. As I kept on developing in both size and advancement, my adoration for the Little Black Dress advanced into design on the loose. At age seventeen, I am currently known as â€Å"Loud Pants Lizzey, the young lady who wears printed pants at whatever point the soul moves her and wears wedges on school Dress Attire Days. My somewhat flashy style is a sign of the women's activist flourishing within me. During my long stretches of uniform-wearing all-young ladies school, I drenched myself in a clothing rundown of exercises, resolved to demonstrate that this chick could do everything. I entered secondary school with my leave life story previously composed: â€Å"Elizabeth J., far less flat than her name may propose! Star of the musicals and Executive Producer of the foundation expressions appear, Editor-in-Chief of the yearbook, elegant Francophile who records clothing and stories in her blog â€Å"The Franco Files†, and for the ganache on her cake, flaunts a perfect evaluation point average†¦duh. We will compose a custom paper test on The Little Black Dress or then again any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page † So when I discovered myselfâ€in all my leader, maker, editorial manager, melodic star ‘glory’â€sitting in treatment my sophomore year, I understood that my cleaned nearness was only a veneer, concealing the vacancy within me. I longed to rediscover my energy. I expected to give my mentality a makeover. I looked for another test, one that came as a totally new condition. I left my companions, my preliminaries and triumphs, and my uniform behind to begin at another school during the notorious junior year. Be that as it may, I could now be tested to reclassify myself. I didn’t need my interests to just wake up on paper any longer; rather, I needed to discover them inside me. This year, I am blending my adoration for design, women's liberation, and French through a distinctions autonomous investigation. I am investigating how Coco Chanel rose above the boundaries of the sexism that encompassed her. I began my examination thinking I’d reveal Chanel’s little-known techniques; I unquestionably never expected to discover a response to what I was absent in my life through my exploration. My mother’s Little Black Dresses that I so adored follow back to the lady I so respect. Chanel’s basic sketch of somewhat dark dress altered how females were seen. While ladies were accustomed to dressing to an even norm, the Little Black Dress could be intended to each lady’s enjoying, which started singularity in an ocean of homogeneity. It evacuated all limits of class, permitting ladies of each remaining to get to a style that cultivated female solidarity. The Little Black Dress turned into a uniform that resisted consistency. I understood that I have gone through my time on earth attempting to be the Little Black Dress. I have strived to stick out, which I figured I could accomplish by being fashionable and balanced. In any case, Coco Chanel has instructed me that I need not to check the crate, however to step out of it. Chanel didn’t structure the Little Black Dress with the goal of leaving a heritage. Rather, the Little Black Dress was a result of her conviction. By giving my thought processes a makeover, seeking after enthusiasm as opposed to position, and endeavoring to live intentionally, I am en route to making my own Little Black Dress.

Robert Bowers and Cesar Sayoc A Psychological Profile - Free Essay Example

To date, there have been 307 mass shootings in the United States in 2018 alone nearly as many mass shootings as there are days in the year. According to a study in the ScienceDaily Journal, more people have died or been injured in mass school shootings in the United States in the past 18 years than in the entire 20th century. This rise of uncharted violence and terror begs the ultimate question, why? In order to attempt to answer this complex question, we must first establish the psychological profiles of the typical offender and extrapolate based on those assessments. The key case studies this paper will consult are those of Robert Bowers and Cesar Sayoc. On October 28th, Robert Bowers, 46, shot and killed 11 people when he stormed into the Tree of Life synagogue. Here are some of the characteristics identified in Bowers profile: 1. He possessed (and broadcasted) extreme bigoted views, and was likely radicalized entirely online. While in custody after the Pittsburgh shooting and upon receiving medical treatment, Bowers told a SWAT officer he wanted all Jews to die and also that [Jews] were committing genocide to his people, according to the police criminal complaint. But that was just a simple side comment as compared to his previous sentiments on the social media platform Gab. On this website, Bowers regularly posted vulgar anti-immigrant and anti-Semitic comments with the central theme that Jews were either threatening the sanctity of the United States on their own or that they were aiding and abetting illegal invaders to do the same. Thus, Bowers directed the highest concentration of his vulgar sentiments towards HIAS (the Hebrew I mmigrant Aid Society). And according to the Southern Poverty Law Centers article Analyzing a Terrorists Social Media Manifesto, Bowers participated in a wider range of fixations and grievances shared across the broader far-right, including a call to arms against Antifa and a conspiratorial focus on the caravan of Central Americans fleeing violence. Additionally, the article went on to make the connection that much of Bowers online presence resembles those of countless other extremist users in that as with other alt-right killers, its likely that Bowers was radicalized entirely online. His posts on Gab echoed the classic themes in alt-right profiles: white genocide, nativism, and globalism. In this respect, Bowers is very similar to a lot of social media profiles operated by alt-right members. Additionally, there appear to be many similarities between Dylann Roof and Bowers both were tired of seeing their ideological peers only active on the internet. They also shared similar ideolo gical views around white genocide, and both targeted specific communities they saw as threatening and in need of cleansing (based on a steady intake stream of racist propaganda online). Both sought out victims in houses of worship. 2. He had no prior criminal history. One of the ways in which Bowers differs from the classic description of an alt-right extremist/killer is that he had no previous run-ins with law enforcement (discounting a traffic citation he received in 2015). According to a statement made by FBI Pittsburgh special agent Bob Jones on the day of the attack, we have no knowledge that Bowers was known to law enforcement before today. Even though Bowers had an active license to carry firearms, there are no records of previous any serious criminal activity he could have engaged in before this attack. 3. He was apolitical. One additional characteristic Bowers possesses (which puts him in stark comparison to other killers) is that he was and remains completely apolitical. Police found Bowers voter registration listed as no affiliation in Allegheny County, PA. Bowers even stated on his Gab profile that for the record, I did not vote for [Trump] nor have I owned, worn or even touched a MAGA hat. He is on record as having even called Trump a globalist, not a nationalist. In other words, Bowers disdain for Trump and all other mainstream political parties was with the fact that he believed Trump had too many Jews around him. According to yet another one of his posts to the infamous Gab website, Trump is surrounded by k****, things will stay the course. Another post written two days before the shooting reads: There is no #MAGA as long as there is a k*** infestation. 4. He had little to no higher education. Jim Brinsky, a childhood friend of Bowers, offered the testimony that although they drifted apart in hi gh school, Mr. Bowers was not listed in any activities or sports in his 1989 junior class yearbook and that he does not appear in the next years book as a senior at all. In other words, its unclear if Bowers ever graduated high school. 5. He lived an isolated lifestyle. For Robert Bowers, living alone with his grandmother as a 40 year old man seemed to be one of the additional factors that pushed him to commit this violent act. In addition, although his childhood friend Jim Brinsky never met Bowers parents he got the impression that Mr. Bowers had a difficult home life. Fast forward to the present day, and he lives in an apartment complex and had no guests, lived alone, and watched television late into the night by himself. According to his neighbor Chris Hall, there was nothing about him, not even a bumper sticker on his car. According to the sentiments of Brinsky, he was pretty much a ghost. Now, this paper will seek to develop a psychological profile for Cesar Sayoc the man who was charged by the FBI for sending 13 mail bombs to prominent politicians and other figures in the Democratic party. Below are the specific characteristics of Sayocs psychological profile. 1. He was an avid Trump supporter and had (as well as broadcasted) extremely bigoted views. For the two months prior to mailing the package bombs, Sayoc parked his van (plastered with Trump supporter stickers) outside of the Ultra Gentlemens Club in West Palm Beach where he worked. Some of the stickers on his van depicted some of Trumps critics with targets over their images. Although he was not known to his colleagues as having been involved with politics, Sayoc registered to vote as a Republican in 2016, and he posted prolifically on his two Facebook accounts and three Twitter feeds often making the subject of his posts about attacking liberals and posting videos from Trump rallies he attended. He regularl y posted about Tallahassee Mayor Andrew Gillum (the Democratic nominee in the Florida governors race) attacking the politician more than 80 times in October alone. Not only was Sayoc obsessed with Donald Trump, but he also broadcasted his bigoted views widely to anyone who would listen. Although he didnt make use of the same Gab online platform that Bowers did, Sayoc regularly told his employer about his views. According to Debra Gureghian, Sayocs manager at New River Pizza, he hated the Obamas. He called him a monkey and the n-word. He hated Hillary Clinton. He called her a lesbian And Adolf Hitler, he loved. Adolf Hitler he couldnt say enough about. On social media, Sayoc even went on to explicitly threaten the politicians he so despised. On Twitter, Sayoc said Go Trump Trump Trump hey Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. And Eric Himpton Holder Sr. Stick your BS all crap you talk where sun doesnt shine . We will meet your threats right to your face soon.Not option we will see you soon .Hu g loved ones real close we arent ones. Although the tweet is barely legible, its clear that Cesar Sayoc admired Trump and hated every other politician and racial group in the Democratic party and made explicit threats towards them online. 2. He had limited to no higher education. Although Sayoc attended the University of North Carolina at Charlotte from 1983 to 1984, he never graduated. He was an undeclared major who played on the schools soccer team. Additionally, Sayoc went to Brevard College in North Carolina in 1980 but only attended classes there for three semesters (and did not ultimately graduate). 3. He was estranged from his family and lived alone. According to police reports, Sayoc appeared to be living in his van and had been estranged from his family for several years. 4. He had issues with mental illness. When they first recognized Sayoc might have some difficulties with mental illness, his mother and sisters had urged him to seek medical treatment because he struggled with a lack of comprehension of reality, according to his attorney Ronald S. Lowy. Lowy added in a telephone interview that [Sayoc] thinks theres nothing wrong with him. In addition, Lowy stated that as Sayocs condition worsened when he became estranged from his family, Sayoc ha d been looking to fill the void his father left and found it in 2016 when Donald Trump ran for President. In other words, Sayoc believed that his father had abandoned him in early childhood when he decided to return to his native Philippines and looked to Donald Trump as a father figure. According to a cousin of Sayocs, hes always been a little bit of a loose cannon. Hes always been a lost soul too many steroids in his day. That stuff will melt your brain. Additionally, while on Good Morning America Sayocs lawyer said that although Sayoc was charismatic, he also seemed very immature and exhibited childish behavior, overall seeming like someone who was emotionally out of control. 5. He had a lengthy criminal history. Police records indicate that Sayoc had an extensive criminal past. He was first arrested for a violent crime in 2002 when he threatened to throw a bomb and claimed that it would be worse than 9/11. For this crime, he ultimately pleaded guilty and was given a special sentence for which a formal conviction was never made (but probation was ordered). He was also arrested for theft in 1992 and 2014. This history stands in stark comparison to Bowers, who had never committed any violent crimes which resulted in an arrest indicating that a violent act is not always indicative of a criminal history. Analysis and Concluding Thoughts After having made an evaluation of Bowers and Sayoc, there are some important differences to note. The first is that the criminal histories of the two attackers were completely different Bowers had no arrests with the exception of a minor traffic citation and Sayoc had been creating bombs since at least 2002. Thus, criminal histories are no clear indication of any future acts of terror. Additionally, both attackers had different motives for committing their crimes Bowers attack on the Pittsburg synagogue was religiously and ideologically motivated, whereas Sayocs attack on prominent Democratic politicians possessed more of a twinge of political motivation. Although these were some of the major psychological differences between the two attackers, they also possessed many similarities. Both men were living isolated lifestyles estranged from family members, both had a lack of formal to higher education, and both seemed to be radicalized online. According to Joe Navarro, a former FBI agent with the agencys Behavioral Analysis Program has described the psychological profile of terrorists as wound collectors, in that you have individuals who are collecting wounds, theyre looking for social ills or things that have gone wrong, and they are nourishing these things that theyre ideating [] the solution for them is violence. Although the many attac kers/terrorists the United States have had varied and complex backgrounds (with each one fitting a different set of characteristsics than the next), this psychological assessment seems to ring true as one of the unifiers for suspects of terrorism. That and the fact that most if not close to all terrorists are male. These kinds of psychological assessments are vital for rooting out future terror attacks from occurring, and for preventing as many unnecessary fatalities as possible.

Walt Disney Strategy Case Essay - 718 Words

QUESTIONS FOR DISNEY CASE 1. What is Walt Disney Company’s corporate generic strategy? Explain the reason for your answer. Broad Differentiation because its products are in media networks, parks and resorts, studio entertainment, consumer products, and interactive media. Thus, it attracts a wide base of consumers through differentiating its products by superior dedication to creating high quality content, technological innovations in entertainment and international expansion. 2. What is your assessment of the long-term attractiveness of the industries represented in Walt Disney Company’s business portfolio? See p. 234 in test. Attractive (from most to least) : Studio Entertainment, Consumer Products, Parks/Resorts, Media†¦show more content†¦Interactive media and studio entertainment are currently generating the least revenue. This is due to the high cost to produce films for studio entertainment and the fact that interactive media is a relatively new business channel for Disney. However, out of all business lines, these two have the most potential in their industry and are therefore very attractive. Interactive media is a hot trend that Disney will be able to capitalize on due to its acquisition of Playdom. While films are very expensive to produce and distribute, the profit potential from Marvel and Pixar make the industry very attractive overall. 5. Does Disney’s portfolio exhibit good strategic fit? What value chain match-ups do you see? What opportunities for skills transfer, cost sharing, or brand sharing do you see? Please be specific and explain why. Brand sharing is extremely relevant across all brands except for Media Networks (because it covers ESPN and other adult audience channels). 6. What is your assessment of Walt Disney Company’s financial and operating performance in fiscal years 2010-2011? What is your assessment of the relative contribution of the Disney SBUs to the financial strength of Disney, based on the 2011 fiscal year financial data? Numbers please! Operating Profit Margin (Profitability of Current Operations) % of Total Rev Current Ratio (Liquidity - CA/CL) Debt to Equity (1) 2011 2010 2011 2011 2010 2011 2010 Walt Disney 0.18851719Show MoreRelatedWalt Disney1491 Words   |  6 PagesThe Walt Disney Company: The Entertainment King Case Analysis The Walt Disney Company is one of the largest media and entertainment corporations in the world. Disney is able to create sustainable profits due to its heterogeneity, inimitability, co-specialization and immense foresight. It also successfully uses synergy to create value across its many business units. After its founder Walter Disney s death, the company started to lose its ground and performance declined. 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Evaluating the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Structured...

Agarwal and Tanniru conducted a field experiment to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of structured versus unstructured interviews, using both novice and experienced interviewers. The experiment was conducted to compare the efficiency and effectiveness of the cognitive interview with the standard information requirements interview. However, the experimental results did not indicate that structured interviews enhanced recall. This triggered the experiment using the Cognitive Interview. This experiment is to test the effects that the Cognitive Interview has on memory and recall. Two hypotheses are tested in this experiment. The use of a theoretically grounded interview technique will provide a more efficient collection of†¦show more content†¦By random, a reference librarian was interviewed using either technique by an interviewer trained in both. The dependent variables: (1) the number of events elicited per each interview (efficiency), and (2) the degree of completeness of details recalled per event (effectiveness) were examined. Cognitive interview was found to be both more effective and more efficient than standard interviewing techniques in eliciting episodic knowledge from reference librarians. In order for the cognitive interview to be considered an effective interviewing technique, more than one rater must determine that the degree of completeness of details of the events collected under the CI are higher than those collected under the SI. All interviews were conducted in private rooms individually. The interviews were conducted at the institute of each patron. Ten students enrolled in a senior-level expert system class who received training on the SI and the CI during regularly scheduled class time. No one involved knew of the details of the experiment or the types of techniques being tested. 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Corporate Social Responsibility Disentangling Substance

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Social Responsibility for Disentangling Substance. Answer: Introduction: CSR is not visible in most of the cases, as the benefit from it towards the society is doubtful and invisible in most of the cases. Studies in the past proved that more than 80% of the decision-makers for corporate CSR had positive attitude about implementing a good CSR and providing branding and benefits to their employees. The reason behind this is most of the companies want to progress through connecting themselves with a reason to utilize cheap advertising sources or to face the pressures of claims. CSR alters attention from the original issues and help the corporations to gain legitimacy, avoid regulation and to enter the markets and change the ground from public functions to privatisation (Boehm, Brei and Dabhi 2015). Although some people see CSR as patronage by various name, it can be broadly explained as the attempt organizations make beyond and above the regulation to meet the requirements of shareholders to earn profit. Rather than running away from the situation, organizations started brandishing CSR as friendly approach of capitalism through the movement of highlighting the issue of corporate power. The unpredicted growth of CSR can results into optimistic power of the market to provide with environmental and social changes. However, the market consistently fails when it comes to supplying goods to public. Thus, it is necessary to implement CSR subject to the restriction of the market (Coombs and Holladay 2015). Making markets work: After the launch, CSR initiatives aggravate alterations in basic traditions within some organizations. It helps in facing lawsuit problem, solving problems relating to labour standard, management issues with the shareholders and profit related issues. However, no one is sure about the changes those are required to be added up with the implementation of CSR to get better performance (Elving et al. 2015). Market failure: The major problem with the CSR concept is that it makes the situation more complex rather than simplifying it and not succeeds in acknowledging the offsets between the ethical outcomes and financial health of the company. However, if they are able to do the adjustments the organization will definitely be able to earn profits. Strategies of CSR performs under various conditions but they are always susceptible to the risk of market failures including externalities, imperfect data and free riders (Marques and Mintzberg 2015). Through using CSR market can offer both long term and short term social benefits and financial returns: One major statement behind the implementation of CSR is that social objectives and business outcomes can be less or more supportive and they did not explained the reason for this purpose. Users are influenced to maximise their interest and are interested in factors as stable societies, wealth and healthy atmosphere. There is very little evidence about the expected behaviour of the market. In reality, it is be not easy to establish that assuring an educated labour force for the future, motivation like preserving natural assets, or making intended assistance to local community really help companies to improve their base line. While there are history of success stories where drivers for business can be associated with social objectives, for example, which are contributed to developing a labour force for the future, they only offer a messy approach to improve the public good (Olsen, Sl otegraaf and Chandukala 2014). No matter placed in any situation, such investments are particularly improbable to give return in the time horizon of two- to four-year window that public companies are generally required through the demands of the stock market. Whenever a company releases a profits warning, the markets decrease their share price. On the other hand, investments in social causes or environment or become an extravagance for the company and are often placed for sacrificing the contribution when they going through rough situation. In the meantime, it has been noticed that failure in any objective of companies to contribute in projects that may earn long-term profit, like safety systems and health benefits (Roulet and Touboul 2015). CSR can barely be expected to supply when the short-term requirements of the stock market offer disincentives for doing so. When interest of shareholders controls the corporate workings, results may become even less associated to the benefits of public. The ethical consumer drives will change: Although the ethical business are rewarded in few markets but for many consumers ethics is a relative thing and not the primary fact. In reality, most of the reviews reveals that consumers are more anxious about the factors like taste, price, or sell-by date than ethics. In the United Kingdom, data for ethical consumerism reveal that although most of the customers are worried about social or environmental issues, with 83% of customers are intended to act ethically on a standard basis, only 18% of customers occasionally act ethically, while less than 5% of consumers show reliable ethical and green purchasing behaviours. In the United States, environmental attitudes of consumer and intensity to buy environmentally oriented goods, and it segregates consumers into five shades of green: Sprouts, True-Blue Greens, Greenback Greens, Grousers, and Basic Browns. True-Blue Greens are known as the greenest customers, those most expected to walk through t heir environmental talk, and present about 9% of the population. The least environmentally concerned are the Basic Browns, who consider individual actions such as recycling or buying green products cant make a difference and about 33 percent of the population are involved under this (Schneper et al. 2015). There will be a competitive race to the top over ethics amongst businesses: A further legend of CSR is that aggressive pressure between various companies will actually direct more companies competing on ethics, as pointed out by an growing number of awards systems for good organizations, like the Business Ethics Awards, or Fortunes annual Best Companies to Work For competitions. Companies are always eager to be associated with CSR schemes because they offer good relations with public. However, in some instances, organizations are able to exploit on well-intentioned efforts. The U.S.-based Corporate Watch has noticed various instances of green washing by companies, and has reported how various organizations utilize the United Nations to the advantages related to public relations (Lewis 2016). From the above discussions, it is concluded that some strategies of imposing regulatory objectives have altered consumer behaviour than the efforts of CSR. For example, social labelling has been an exceptionally efficient tool for changing behaviour of consumer. Campaigners and legal scholars have started to look at the ethical structure of the corporation. At present, in Western legal systems, companies have a primary responsibility to their stakeholders, and social actions from the companys part are not prohibited and the profit-maximizing objectives of the organization are the norm. Therefore, companies efficiently choose financial benefit over social benefits. Only few social enterprises, like Fair Trade companies, have used a different path and they are far away from ruling the market. Yet lessons can be learned from their successes and should be adopted to put forward a new institutional model for larger shareholder-owned companies. Therefore, the contention of various authors that CSR is little more than green washing is not true as there are always some chance of failure to achieve the targets of implementation of CSR and no organization can assess the risks to the extent of 100% References: Boehm, S., Brei, V. and Dabhi, S., 2015. EDF Energy's green CSR claims examined: the follies of global carbon commodity chains.Global Networks,15(s1), pp.S87-S107. Coombs, T. and Holladay, S., 2015. CSR as crisis risk: expanding how we conceptualize the relationship.Corporate Communications: An International Journal,20(2), pp.144-162. Elving, W.J., Golob, U., Podnar, K., Ellerup-Nielsen, A. and Thomson, C., 2015. 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